18/04/2023
Educational Drama
Play Produced by Amina Foukara, ENCGAgadir, Université Ibn Zohr, Agadir, Morocco (open attachment for pagination)
The Table of Contents
Act 1 Scene 1 p.5
Abderaouf Bartleby
The president of the election office
Act 1 Scene 2 p.7
The president of the election office
Abderaouf Bartleby
Assistant 1
Assistant 2
Assistant 3
Act 1 scene 3 p.10
Abderaouf Bartleby
Citizen N.1
Citizen N.2
Citizen N.3
Citizen N.4
Citizen N.5
Citizen N.6
Citizen N.7
Citizen N.8
Citizen N.9
Act 2 scene 1 p.13
Citizen N.1
Citizen N.2
The president of the election office
Voter N.1
The office secretary
Abderaouf Bartleby
Act 2 scene 2 p.15
Professor Alkam
Abderaouf Bartleby
Television Interviewer
Act 3 scene 1 p.19
Abderaouf Bartleby
The secretary
The adult education school director
The school door keeper
Act 3 scene 2 p.22
Abderaouf Bartlby
The adult education school director
Hnia Bartleby
Act 4 scene 1 p.25
Teache Mr Brain Hitcot
Student 1
Student 2
Student 3
Student 4
Student 5
Student 6
Student 7
Adult education students (at once)
Act 4 scene 2 p.29
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote
Abderaouf Baleby
Student 1
Student 2
Students at once (Shouted).
Mabchour
Najah
Act 4 scene 3 p.33
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote
Abderaouf Bartleby
Adult students clap their hands
Act 4 scene 4 p.33
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot
Abderaouf Bartleby
Student 1
Student 2
Student 3
Student 4
Student 5
Student 6
Student 7
End
Act 1
Scene 1
The president of the election office ( maktab attaswit) ( presides over a meeting with (office members (aadaa al maktab ا عضاء المكتب ):
Hi everyone. Firstly, let me congratulate you for your diligence and hard work . As you already know, this is a challenging day for us all. I must admit that this is a challenging day, especially because voters will cast their votes for the election of both the local councils members ( اعضاء مجالس الجماعات ) and the provinces council ( اعضاء الجهات مجا لس ).
Voters will be flowing in here in an hour. By all means, the rules regulating election need to be observed by all and we need to prove to citizen at this constituency that we are benevolent guardians of their welfare and that we respect democratic norms. Men and women will be massively queuing up to cast their votes because they believe in what our beloved country can achieve. They will vote not only for the sake of the political party to which they belong but for the hope they hold in common. Whether they are men of color or whether they are white, whether they are rich or poor, whether they are of an Arab origin or whether they are Bebers, whether they are fassi or Marrakchi…, the only hope they hold is to take this country to a new direction. They must somehow be tired of the parties that were in power and of how they envisioned progress and development.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (mumbles to himself): Fuck off! I have no idea about how things work in election. I was not formed to be able to grapple with things. I was never formed and I have no idea about how to proceed with citizens or what information to give them.
The president of the election office: Citizens might ask you questions relevant to political parties and about much more than this. So, here is the list of political parties you need to be familiar with.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (complains softly without being heard): Ah fudge! How can I grapple with all this! I have no knowledge whatsoever about political parties.
The president of the election office: (He starts to read):
The National rally of independents (RNI: Attajamua al watani llileahrare: التجمع الوطني للاحرار )
Authenticity and modernity party PAM ( حزب الاصالة و المعاصرة )
STIQLAL ( حزب الا ستقلال )
Socialist union of popular forces USFلحزب ال اشتراكي للقوات الشعبية (
Popular movement MP الشعبية الحركة حزب
Party of progress and socialism PPS (Attakadum wa lishtirakia) حزب التقدم و الاشتراكية
Constitutional union UC (Al itihad dusturi) حزب الاتحاد الد ستوري
Justice and development party PJD حزب العدالة و التنمية
Democratic and social movement MDS حزب الحركة الديمقراطية و الاجتماعية
Front of democratic forces FFD حزب جبهة القوات الشعبية
Federation of the democratic left FGD حزب اليسار الديمقراطي
Unified socialist party PSU (Al itihad al ichtiraki) الاتحاد الاشتراكي
Abderaouf Bartleby: (He mumbles softly). Bull shit! Can Political parties in Morocco agree with issues without being disagreeable?.ShootI ignore the rules….., the voting rules……, the objectives to be targeted through voting……But let me use my device to learn (hold up his mobile phone screen for a screen capture to learn through the president of the election office ): is it possible to learn about the system in just a second? What a challenge we all face today! God gracious!
Abderaouf Bartleby (Tries once more to fix his mobile phone to screen capture the imformation, muttering discrete words): damn it! Here we are. I hope the voice button will work.
The president of the election office ( maktab attaswit) ( interrupts Abderraouf Bartleby): look here, Abderraouf Bartleby. Could you please put your mobile phone away and stick to the Status Quo for a while? We are trying to fix challenges we might all face tomorrow. So, put down your mobile phone and keep truck of what we do here and now!
Abderraouf Bartleby: ok. (He locks his mobile phone).
The president of the election office ( maktab attaswit) : ( He scans the walls). I saw the Moroccan flag up. Vital national pictures are hung against the wall. I can equally see prohibitive posters informing voters not to use their mobile phone at this voting center. Here is a photocopier, hmmm. Two tables are also set right here, one of which is to be used for ballots. I can see another table on which are placed the lists of representatives. Two boxes are also identified here, one of which will bear a grey belt and this will be reserved for local, that is, community and province ballots. The other box should be reserved for the house of representative ballots. I also see voting isolates set in an enlightened place. I can also see sanitizers, muzzles, masks and transparent protectors. well conceived measures for protection against Corona virus!!! Congratulations.
I would be grateful to you, Abderaouf Bartleby, if you could deal efficiently with citizens queuing up outside to cast their votes right here tomorrow. The office door will open from 7.00 am up to 7.00 pm. You will be expected to answer their questions and to give them instructions about how to fill their voting ballots.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (Looks confused, he mumbles): Asshole! Cunt! I am totally so pissed and ticked off.
Music is going on.
The curtain falls
Act 1
Scene 2
The curtain opens.
The president of the election office: Hi everyone. Citizens living at the constituency will start to get in to cast their votes in half an hour. Now (addressing Abderraouf Bartleby ), I can see that three copies of the the electors names are placed on that table. I shall keep one for myself and the other two lists would be given to my assistants to put a tick against anyone casting his or her vote.
Abderraouf Bartleby: That’s it. Bull shit!
The president of the election office: I would like you, Abderraouf Bartleby, to place on my desk a copy of the regulatory law – -القانون التنظيميnumber 27.11 relevant to the election of the members of the house of representatives as well as a copy of the regulatory law – –القانون التنظيمي number 11.59 relevant to the election of the members of territorial council – ا عضاء المجالس الترابية–
Abderraouf Bartleby: Here they are!!!! (Mutters): Effed!
The president of the election office: I need a copy of the brochure ( المنشور المنظم لعملية التصويت —
Abderraouf Bartleby: Here it is.
The president of the election office: I also need the list of candidates registering at the local election -constituency as well as the list of candidates registering at the regional election -constituency
Abderraouf Bartleby: All of these lists and more than this are available now.
The president of the election office: We also need papers for making statistics relevant to counted ballots and four PV forms محاضر التصويت – I also need pens.
Abderaouf Bartleby: ok. No problem, sir. (Grunts): son of a bastard! Don’t you know that I have no idea about papers, print, laws…..? Fuck it!
The president of the election office: I would make sure that two ballot-boxes are available. (walks up to where the two boxes are placed). September 8, 2021 spots an important peculiar innovation at the level of Election. For the first time in the history of Morocco, local and legislative elections will take place at once. You are well informed about the electoral system in Morocco, aren’t you?
Assistant 1: Tobe honest with you, I am not.
The president of the election office: remember at least this in case voters ask you questions: The House of representatives has 395 seats which are elected by proportional representation and consist of two tiers: 305 members are elected from 92 multi-member local constituencies ( which are given between 2 and 6 seats) and the remaining 90 are elected from twelve constituencies based on the regions of Morocco ( they receive between 3 and 12 seats). Of these 90 seats, a minimum of one third must be women, who must also be the first and second candidates on each list.
Assistant 2: what about members belonging to the other House?
The president of the election office: Members at the second House of parliament, that is, at the House of councilors المستشارين مجلس (Majlis al Mustasharin) are called councilors ( مستشارون ) . The Assembly of councilors (Majlis al Mustasharin) has 120 members , elected before this year 2021 for a six-years-term. They are elected by local councils ( that receive 162 seats) professional chambers (that receive 91 seats) and wage-earners( that receive 27 seats).
Assistant 1: to tell the truth, knowledge about how elections work is basically founded on decentralization. I have no idea about how things work in association with this.
The president of the election office: In Morocco, there are 13 prefectures ( Amalat/ (عمالات) and 62 provinces (Provinces (akalim اقاليم). They are subdivisions of 12 Moroccan regions. This means that each prefecture (Amalat عمالة ) and that each province (aklim ا قليم ) is subdivided into arrondissements /communes (jamaat الجماعات ). The districts are subdivided into rural municipalities (communes rurales). So, a municipality can either be urban, that is a subdivision of a prefecture (amala) (of amala) or rural ( asubdivision of a province (of aklim)).
Assistant 2: well, this means that the region is the largest Moroccan geographical sub-division, followed by prefectures ( Amalat/ (عمالات), followed by (Provinces (akalim اقاليم), followed by arrondissements /communes (jamaat الجماعات ).
The president of the election office: Exactly. I would also like you to remember that In Morocco, there are four different elections. The first election is relevant to the election of members (counselors مستشارون ) at the level of the smallest local council, that is, county districts ( majliss al jamaa) (municipality or commune or arrondissement (jamaat) council ( الجماعة مجلس ). In morocco, there are ( one thousand five hundred and thirty (1530) municipalities/arrondissements الجماعات). More than 240 jamaa/municipality/arrondissement are established in urban areas. The rest of these municipalities, that is, more than 1200 arrondissements/ municipalities/ Jamaat are established in rural areas. The second one is relevant to the election of members at the level of the medium sized urban councils, that is urban districts (al amalat) Prefecture (Amala عمالة ). Linked to this medium sized urban council is the third election that is relevant to members at the level of a larger council dealing with issues linked to rural areas, that is, Provinces (akalim اقاليم) ). The fourth election is relevant to the election of members at the largest council known under the regional council (majlis jihawi جهوي مجلس ).
Assistant 2: I just cannot accept the idea that the number of councilors that represent
) municipalities/arrondissements الجماعات) is not the same. It is just undemocratic.
The president of the election office: No. it is not. You will just have to be familiar with proportional distribution. The distribution of seats over members elected at the level of the constituency depends on the number of citizens living at each concerned municipality (arrondissement/ jamaa جماعة To say it otherwise, each local council is determined on the basis of the number of residents living at it. Thus, a large jamaa/municipality/arrondissement is different from a small one. Casablanca jamaa/municipality/arrondissement, for instance, is different from ( جماعة حرودة) Harouda jamaa/municipality/arrondissement -from the point of view of residents living at it. Tanger jamaa/municipality/arrondissement is different from a rural jamaa/municipality/arrondissement established at Azilal. For this reason, the Moroccan legislator has taken into consideration the statistical dimension published at the official journal ( al jarida arrasmia ( الجريدة الرسمية ). Thus, a jamaa/municipality/arrondissement with 7500 residents disposes of eleven (11) elected members. It would be possible for a jamaa/municipality/arrondissement to be made up of sixty one (61) members provided it be situated in an area with 400.000 residents.
Assistant 3: what about the number of members elected to represent citizens at the level of prefectures d’arrondissements councils ( jamaa dat nitham mokataat)
The president of the election office: One prefecture (amalat عمالة ) can also be subdivided into prefectures d’arrondissements ( jamaa dat nitham mokataat). Their numbers amount to six being part of 1530 jamaat (arrondissement/municipality جماعات ). These institutions start with 81 members. 10 members are added up whenever the number of residents where they are located increases by 250000 residents. This means that all these institutions can be situated in an area that is made up of 750000 residents. This means that one group of people living in a particular zone can be higher than another group and this can lead to increasing the number of adherents to a jamaa. However, the number of adherents is limited to 131 at this kind of jamaa known under prefectures d’arrondissements ( jamaa dat nitham mokataat).
Abderaouf Bartleby: (monologue) (addresses the audience): My goodness ! this is to prove that I was selected not out of deliberate thought but at random to carry out a big task at the office for election (مكتب التصويت ). Let us think about this for a moment, shall we? Imagine that you and a group of people are selected to carry out a big task and that you together have no idea about how to proceed? Of course, random selection would not lead anywhere but to chaos. ‘Why would this never work?’, you might ask yourself. Well, you need to remember that God has placed your nose in the middle of your face for you to understand the situation in light of what happened in Athens. As you must know, random selection was a key part of how democracy was done in ancient Athens. Here, citizens were selected at random to fill in important political posts. They perfectly knew that that arbitrary selection was aristocratic but that it did not yield the expected for fruit.
I acknowledge the fact that I am not competent enough to wear the mantle of the expert. The question is: why should I be selected by the president of the political office to carry out all those tasks. I am deficient. It is not bad to acknowledge my deficiency. My deficiency is deeply rooted in the past. As far as I can remember, school constitutions had to stand in the way of my real personal development. One of those school constitutions tacitly authorized aggression targeting all, even teachers. It was not a tangible written constitution but -teasing, antagonizing, slapping and kicking …., I mean regular classroom practices that ended with wasting time and shaping deficient minds. At the back of my mind, classmates were silly. They wasted time on silly Communication with teachers. I remember silly indirect attacks targeting all, especially teachers: ‘I was not at school yesterday. Did you do anything important, teacher?’. ‘I need to go out to the bathroom, teacher’. ‘what if you add an extra mark. Would that fix my grade, teacher?’. ‘I am going to be absent for some weeks, would you tell me what I am going to miss, teacher?’.
(always addressing the audience’: Be critical of the whole situation now. I invite you to do so. Now, did I really deserve being selected to carry out that big task at the election office?. Am I up to meeting the expectations of informing those queuing up to cast their votes about anything relevant to political parties and to how candidates win elections…..and this and much more? The president of the election office might also expect me to enlighten the voting public through legal documents. But am endowed with a deficient mind. I am null.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (Sits down out on the floor like a defeated soldier where citizens will wait for their turn to get into the election-office): At long last, I believe that watching videos might do. Listening to candidates on a video can give me enough hope to fix this predicament and to resolve the paradox could get me out of this plight.
Act 1 scene 3
Abderaouf Bartleby: (sitting at the door step of the election office very early in the morning of the election Day. He watches a video diffused through his mobile phone where a political party candidate was campaigning for his political party program).
‘…all candidates have good ideas. They are all patriots who honorably keep an eye on this country….our country Morocco. The reason why our political party campaign is deemed different is because it is not just about what we should do but it is also about what you, the Moroccan people living at our region can do through us to achieve your goals. That’s what this election is all about. It belongs to Moroccan children and to Moroccan adults needing our political support through representation to be of service to them. It belongs to Moroccan men and to Moroccan women, regardless of the color of their complexion, or of status or social belonging. It belongs to teachers, to scientists, to those outcasts living on the streets to farmers, to political men and to any staff who believe in the possibility of progress and development. Morocco is one nation. It is one people. Together, we will start a new page found in a chapter. Yes, we can. Therefore, it is not a matter of paying lip service to change but it is a pause for change to occur. The reason is that we have been warned against offering you all false hope. There has never been anything about false hope. Should our party win, it will represent you. It will put an end to high taxation rates. It will give impetus to technological invention, to high social development and to innovation through rewarding and giving more support to teachers. It is my contention that development occurs through political life. For this, more emphasis will be placed on the education of political man. And this constitutes one of the issues elaborated on in the proposal submitted to the assessment election committee. Thus, our political program will make constitutional law and drama and theatre curricula an obligation in any academic institution, from primary school to university life. The reason is that knowledge set aloof from political life would not yield the expected for fruit.
(Many citizens are in line now queuing up outside the election office waiting for their turn to vote. Abderraouf Bartleby puts off his mobile phone and he stands up to face them up):
Citizen N.1: (on the threshold of the election office. He means to get inside the election office): in the Name of Allah, the Beneficial, the Merciful. Can I get in?
Abderaouf Bartleby : Sit down, sit down! You are not allowed to get in. Not yet. It is not 7.am yet. The office opens at 7.00 am and it closes at 7.00 pm. We are left with half an hour.
Citizen N.1: (stands on line then he sat down on the floor, stretching out his crossed legs): I have a question to ask though. Does the distribution of seats over political parties depend on cast ballots or on just registered names?
Abderraouf Bartleby: (tries to evade the man): Crap! BS would be your reaction if I answer your question.
Citizen N.1: I don’t understand. Your response is vague
(Abderraouf Bartleby puts on his mobile phone to listen to a video reporter) : “for the first time in the history of Morocco regional and parliamentary election will take place today, September 8th, 2021 at once. This is to say that eighteen million Moroccan voters will head today to polling stations to choose new parliamentary and local leaders at once. …they will choose 395 deputies for the House of Representatives and 678 seats in regional councils under a new law that calculates the allocations of seats based on the number of registered voters rather than the number of those who really cast their ballots’.
(Citizens start seeking information while queuing up outside the election office. Now they expect Abderraouf Bartleby to answer their questions):
Citizen N.1: The House of Representatives is known under the lower chamber. It is made up of 395 members elected directly by citizens for a five years term. Should candidates belong to local councils too?
Abderaouf Bartleby( Hushes the citizen to keep silent by putting finger on mouth).
Citizen N.2: The house of councilors is made up of 120 members. They are elected indirectly for a six years term by two sets of electoral colleges. We are supposed to cast votes for the election of local councils and for parliamentary members. Will the office terms be the same? What is the outcome of election where the term is reduced by one year?
Abderaouf Bartleby: That’s enough, that’s enough!
Citizen N.3: ‘the house of councilors is known under the second or the upper House of parliament in Morocco. It has 120 members elected for a six year term. Would 6 years term be maintained next year?
Abderaouf Bartleby: (He pretends not to hear and he fumbles with his phone)
Citizen N.4: out of 120 members at the House of Councilors, 72 members are elected regionally to represent citizens living in a particular geographical zone ( les collectivités territoriales). How is the distribution of seats carried out? Is it like the distribution of seats over representatives and local councils?
Abderraouf Bartleby: Keep quiet. I do not know the answer.
Citizen N.5: 20 members are elected in each region by a single electoral college (هياة ناخبة ) made up of all those in the relevant region that have been elected to the following professional associations: the agriculture associations, commerce, industry and services associations, the arts and crafts associations and the marine fisheries associations. Are these councilors the same persons found in territorial councils?
Abderaouf Bartleby: ( Just stares at the citizen)
Citizen N.6: 8 members are elected in each region by an electoral college made up of those elected from the most representative employers’ professional organizations. Do these members belong to the House of councilors or to local councils?
Abderaouf Bartleby:: Sit down! Never use a Mike!
Citizen N.7: 20 members are elected nationally by an electoral college made up of employees’ representatives. Should these members belong to local councils too?
Abderaouf Bartleby : (Mutters to himself): Now bastard, don’t talk! Don’t you know that I have no answer to any question. Don’t you know I was not prepared for the job?
Citizen N.8: Should citizens cast their votes if the distribution of seats is based on registration lists rather than on the number of votes?
Abderaouf Bartleby : I don’t know
Citizen N.9: what is the quorum ( al ataba) العتبة ? ه is it just just a certain purcentage or is it the total found when you multiply the purcentage by the total of the effective number of voters ?
Abderaouf Bartleby : now, don’t talk! Wait for your turn and don’t talk!
Citizen N.9: Can you help me learn how to use a ballot efficiently? ( openly said): this gentleman has no background information whatsoever about the legal system relevant to elections. He drops a lot of F bombs right here now.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Now, don’t talk! It is high time you went in to cast your vote. (The first citizen went inside the election office to cast his vote).
(Citizens start exchanging information while queuing up outside the election office about what they have learnt through mass media):
Music echoes outside the office for election
The curtain falls
Act 2 scene 1
The curtain rises
Citizen N.1: (Greets the president of the election office and his assistants sitting at their desks): Peace is upon you all.
The president of the election office: Would you please introduce yourself to us?
Citizen N.1: By all means. Am one of the representatives of political parties. As far as I know, election cards are dispensed with. So, here is my national card.
The president of the election office: Thanks. The number of your national card matches the numbers which is identified on this list delivered to us by the local administrative authorities.
Citizen N.2: Am one of the representatives of political parties too. Here is my national card.
The president of the election office: (checks the national card against list delivered by the local administrative authorities). I am afraid. Your national card number does not feature here on this list. I cannot accept you here with us. You will have to settle your problem with the local administrative authorities. Call it a day now.
The president of the election office: (Stands up, addressing his assistants and the representatives of political parties): Now, would you ladies and gentlemen help me make sure that the two ballot-boxes are empty. (together, they check the two ballot-boxes). Now that we are sure that the two ballot-boxes are empty, we need to close them. The eldest assistant will help me to do so.
(The president of the election office and the eldest assistant have closed the first ballot-box)
The president of the election office (addresses all the members present): As president of the election office, I keep a copy of the box-ballot key and it will be the same for the eldest assistant. Once all votes are cast, we shall follow the same procedure for opening the two ballot-boxes. Remember please not to authorize the use neither of picture-devices nor of mobile phones here inside this election office.
The president of the election office: (Addresses the representatives of political parties and assistants) ladies and gentlemen! It is high time for the voting process to start. Fix your watches now. Everything is said according to what is prescribed by law. It is 7.00 am. This office will close at 7.00 pm. Please, wear your vtransparent veils now.
The president of the election office ( Goes out to give instructions to the doorman-Abderaouf Bartleby-): Abderaouf Bartleby! As a door keeper, we enjoin upon you to prevent citizens from stepping into the election office unless they sanitize their hands. Provide every voter with a muzzle conceived for protection against Corona virus!!!You are also required to do your uttermost to oblige citizens to be distanced while they are standing in line. Do you understand what I mean? Goodbye (the president of the election office retreats to the election office).
Voter N.1 (Being now outside the office, sanitizes her hands and she gets in): Peace be upon you!
The president of the election office: welcome! Please, hand over your national card to the office secretary.
Voter N.1: here it is.
The office secretary: ( He loudly reads out the name of Voter N.1 and her national card number ): Hnia Bartleby! National card number A 28640.
The president of the election office: Be sure Hnia Bartleby is registered on the electoral lists.
The office secretary : She is registered.
The president of the election office: Now, go the the election isolate for you to choose your candidates…….
Time is over. It is 8.00 am. The voting process comes to an end.
Abderaouf Bartleby : (Opens the door with goggling eyes as if to address a message to the president of the office but he just mutters to himself): Piss off! Null. I am null. I dial the number zero. No background knowledge whatsoever about constitutional law, about elections and regulations!!!!!
Act 2 scene 2
Abderaouf Bartleby: ( Sits at his desk out on the threshold of the election office while a television interview is being diffused via his mobile phone. He now is watching and listening to it):
Television Interviewer: Peace be upon you, ladies and gentlemen. Today, we have the pleasure to summarize the outcome of elections held yesterday September 8, 2021. We have invited professor Alkam to let us know about this extraordinary event.
Professor Alkam: Peace be upon you ladies and gentlemen. As you must all know, yesterday, three types of election were held at once in our country, Morocco. It was a matter of legislative, municipal and regional elections. And because there are 395 members at the House of Representatives, 198 seats were needed for a majority. A coalition was needed.
Television interviewer: what if you give us a visual representation of data, professor.
Professor alkam: Obviously. Here it is:
| Party | Leader | Seats | +And- |
| RNI National rally of independents (Attajamua..) (Attajamua al watani lilahrar..) | AZIZ Akhannouch (prime minister following 2021 elections) | 102 | +65 results are compared with what they got with the latest government |
| PAM Authenticity and modernity party (al asala walmoasara) | Abdellatif Ouahbi | 87 | -15 |
| ISTIQLAL | Nizar Baraka | 81 | +35 |
| USFP Socialist union of popular forces (al itihad al ichtiraki lilkuat achchaabia) | Driss Lachgar | 34 | +14 |
| MP Popular movement (Al haraka achaabia) | Mohamed Laenser | 28 | +1 |
| PPS Party of progress and socialism (Attakadum wa lishtirakia) | Nabil Ben Abdellah | 22 | +10 |
| UC Constitutional union (Al itihad dusturi) | Mohamed Sajid | 18 | -1 |
| PJD Justice and Development Party (Hizb al asala wal muasara) | Saadeddine Othmani (prime minister before) | 13 | -112 |
| MDS Democratic and Social Movement | Abdessamad Archane | 5 | +2 |
| FFD Front of Democratic Forces | Mustapha Benali | 3 | +3 |
| FGD The Federation of the Democratic Left | 1 | -1 | |
| PSU Unified socialist party (Al itihad al ichtiraki) | Nabila Mounib | 1 | New |
Television interviewer: I can see. The National Rally of Independents ( tajamua watani lil ahrar الوطني التجمع للاحرار) has won more seats than Justice and development party . حزب العدالة و التنمية
Professor alkam:: Exactly. As you can see, the party known under the National Rally of Independents ( tajamua watani lil ahrar الوطني التجمع للاحرار) led by Mr Aziz Akhannouch won the most seats (102). This is to say that this party has made a gain of 65 seats from the last election dating back to 2017. The Liberal Authenticity and modernity party (PAM) ( hizb al asala wa lmoasara ( حزب الاصالة والمعاصرة ) took second place with 87seats, a net loss of 15 seats from the last election. The centre-right Istiqlal party (hizb al istiklal الاستقلال حزب gained 35 seats and took third place with 81 seats total. The governing Justice and development party
حزب العدالة و التنمية suffered an electoral wipeout and won only 13 seats, a net loss of 112 seats for the party.
Television Interviewer: Could you, professor alkam, give television viewers a visual representation of the new government led by Mr Aziz Akhennouch?
Prime Minister Mr Aziz Akhennouch’s Government:
Television interviewer: one of your indirect appreciations is that the 2021 elections have had no precedence because Regional (jihawi) and Legislative ( tashrii) and Local (municipality/ commune/arrondissement (jamaat) elections took place on the Same Day yesterday. Would you mind, Professor Alkam, further evaluate yesterday’s elections?
Professor Alkam: Well, the first thing that needs to be applauded is the pacific aspect of elections. Political parties seemed to be anchored on different ideologies, yet, they formed a unity. I believe that this is mostly due to the 2011 constitution which highlights the obligation of reinforcing unity and harmonious relationships not only between Moroccan citizens holding different cultural views due to their differing cultural belonging but between political parties as well. Consequently, political parties competed for power but they did not fight on that Election Day. So, September 8th, 2021 is a day to remember. Furthermore, officials placed in charge of elections have kept with strict application of health measures.
Television interviewer: what about things needing improvement, professor Alkam.
Professor Alkam: Well. I have noticed that the authorities might need to place more focus on marginalized citizens living on the outskirts of society. You know, those people who might have been born illegally might need to be taken into account in representation. Some measures might need to be taken to make it possible for them to have their national cards, hence, to be able to register on the electoral lists and to vote.
Television interviewer: This will be a further extraordinary step towards the implementation of a complete democratic Moroccan society.
Professor Alkam: Yes, by all means. Most importantly, political parties might need to respond to the call featuring at the 2011 constitution to contribute to the education of citizens politically speaking. Therefore, some measures need to be taken to ensure that campaigning for election should be an occasion for political parties to enlighten and to educate voters.
Television interviewer: you are right, professor Alkam. I have realized that some voters partake in election, yet, they have no idea about how seats are distributed, or about anything relevant to constitutional law.
Professor Alkam: Exact. For this reason, I personally believe that constitutional law be a priority at the level of academic institutions. I mainly suggest that professionals placed in charge of elections be given enough support to partake in adult education dealing with political life.
Television interviewer: Thank you Professor Alkam for responding to our invitation today. We have made the most of your presence with us. Goodby professor Akam.
The curtain falls
Act 3 scene 1
The curtain rises
Abderaouf Bartleby: ( Stands in front of Adult Education School for Political thought situated at Hay Salam)
The secretary (Looks alarmed): what’s this?
The school door keeper: (Rushes towards her terrifyingly). A weird man has arrived meaning to enroll in adult education for politics. His name is Abderaouf Bartleby.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (Rushes in): Peace is upon you.
The secretary (looks startled): peace is upon you too. Can we be of service to you, sir.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Yes. But let me share this story with you (hands over his mobile phone for her to watch a captured scene of his story with a taxi drive)r.
The secretary: Come in, sir. Sit down sir.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (Sits down out of breath): take this and watch! Terrible people! Terrible incidents. (together they watched the story with the taxi driver that drove him to this adult school for politics).
The secretary: Ok, sir. I understand that you need to enroll at our school, do you?
Abderaouf Bartleby: Yes. No worries. You need to come back tomorrow at 9.00 am for an assessment. Assessment is a requirement for enrolment in adult education.
Abderaouf Bartleby: ok. See you tomorrow then.
The secretary: you will be referred to an assessment specialist recruited by our school for adult education.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Ok. Bue buye (Leaves the school).
The secretary: (Dials the school director’s number):
The adult education school director: Speaking.
The secretary: (Muffles a big laughter): Good morning director.
The adult education school director: Good morning. May I help you?
The secretary: Well. I just need to seek your opinion before I refer someone needing to enroll in adult education to Hnia Bartleby for an assessment. It’s because he looks weird, completely weird sir. Even though his facial features and his body language are indicative of a pure soul, I suggest he be carefully assessed, you know.
The school director: how does he look?
The adult education school director: He is dressed in a peculiar way but the inside eyeball is large and light-brown (laughs): but the light brown ram just touched the white awe. This is a good signal.
The adult education school director: (Laughs loudly): You remind me of William Shakespeare’s Othello where Othello was described as a black ram that was tapping his future father in law’s white awe……(Laughs loudly): ok. No problem. We’ll see the results of the assessment.
What did that gentleman do that made you suspect his emotional integrity?
The secretary: ( Red faced): well. He screen captured his story with a taxi driver that happened to drive him to our school (She started to relate the events exactly as Abderaouf Bartleby and she watched them together over the mobile phone):
( The Taxi driver said: yes sir. Can I be of service to you, sir? Then Abderaouf Bartlby Gets inside the car and he ordered the taxi driver to put off music. The Taxi driver put off the music and when he asked Abderaouf Bartlby to fasten the belt to his seat for his safety
Abderaouf Bartlby said ‘No. I don’t need it. I need to take a ride more freely. Then Abderaouf Bartlby checks the car mirror and he said : ‘Let me check the mirror just to make sure I can see behind’. Then he asked the taxi driver to drop me off next to Adult Education School for Politics at Hay Salam. No sooner had the taxi driver started to ride his car had a completely barmy man waved his hand for the taxi driver to stop and to give him a ride too. Abderaouf Bartlby looked angry because the man who had to share the same taxi with him was dressed in tattered clothes and he was barefooted. He looked completely barmy. Yet, he sat next to Abderaouf Bartlby. All the way long, Abderaouf Bartlby looked afraid and his eyes were fixed on the man’s bare feet sitting next to him.
The adult education school director: (Laughed loudly): Go on….
The secretary: Then, Abderaouf Bartlby looked up and he stared at the taxi driver’s neck before he asked him to let him know how long it would take to get to our school. The taxi driver said that the name of our school was not familiar to him but that it would not take them long to to reach the school whereabouts, that is Hay Salam. The taxi driver reassured him that it would take them no more than a ten minutes drive. Then Abderaouf Bartlby kept muttering to himself the following words while his eyes were again stuck at the men’s bare feet: ‘whirlwinf ten minutes drive’, ‘a thorny drive’, ‘an intricate drive’, ‘a scarecrow outstanding in a field’. Then, Abderaouf Bartlby Looked straight ahead and he asked the taxi driver: ‘which way are you driving me now?. The taxi driver raised his eyebrows, turned back at Abderaouf Bartlby looking stiff and confused and he said: ‘we are not far from Hay Salam’. The taxi driver added: ‘But it looks like the traffic is very bad. There might be an accident up ahead’.
The adult education school director: (Laughed loudly): Abderaouf Bartlby must be a real toast; then.
The secretary: Yes. You could believe he was whirling in a saucy pepper pan. So, he said , Abderaouf Bartlby said: ‘It is just awful! It gets helapeno business. Now, our adult education is almost toast.
’
The adult education school director: (laughs loudly): Did Abderaouf Bartlby mean that the situation he was living at that moment could make him relent coming back to our school for enrolment in constitutional law?
The secretary: I think so. I noted as I was watching the captured scene that the the taxi driver doubted about Abderaouf Bartlby’s emotional integrity. He told Abderaouf Bartlby: ‘Excuse me, sir. We are at Hay Salam now but I am afraid I do not know the exact location of Adult Education School for Politics. Just show me the way and I shall drop you off by.
At that moment Abderaouf Bartlby looked around at the street with goggling and confused eyes. He told the taxi driver: ‘let’s see. The school for adult education is on the quarter of the street. …it is between the first and second street over there. No, it is situated between the second and third street in the corner over there. The taxi driver was red faced. He asked Abderaouf Bartlby where is it? I am confused. Abderaouf Bartlby said : ‘Go on! Drive to the corner!. Drive past the three blocks over there….no, past the two blocks. Drive to the right again! No, drive to the left. (His telephone rings). Taxi driver said: ‘where? I am totally confused.
The adult education school director: weird!
The secretary: At that same moment, Abderaouf Bartlby picked up his phone, dialed a number and he he said: ‘Speaking! The taxi driver and I are looking for ‘Adult education School for politics’. …Sorry. I do not hear what you say…..Ok. Ok. I give the receiver to the taxi driver and you show him the school whereabouts. Abderaouf Bartlby handed over the phone to the taxi driver to interact with a person familiar to Abderaouf Bartlby but not to him: ‘We are looking for the Adult Education School for Politics situated at Hay Salam’.
The adult education school director: Did the speaker accept to entertain the taxi driver?
The secretary: Yes he did. The Speaker said over the phone: Go across the ‘tip tower’ and then turn to the left. The poster is large enough to identify the school. Then the taxi driver resumed riding. He looked relieved to reach the school but he was left with the other barmy person sitting at the back seat. The taxi driver said : ‘Here is the school we have been looking for. Call it a day now!.
The curtain falls.
Act 3 scene 2
(Abderaouf Bartlby reaches the adult education school for Political thought upon which a welcome poster reads: welcome to adult education school for political thought).
The adult education school director: (Meets Abderaouf Bartleby in the hall).
Abderaouf Bartleby: peace be upon you. My name is Abderaouf Bartleby.
The adult education school director: Nice to meet you. You have come for assessment, haven’t you?
Abderaouf Bartleby: I mean to enroll in political thought at your school for adults. I was given an appointment yesterday for assessment. Here we are!
The adult education school director: Welcome to our academic institution. Now, let me introduce you to the official administrator placed in charge of registration and assessment. I’d like you to meet her. Her name is hnia Bartleby.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (together, they reached the official)
The adult education school director: (addressing the official): This is our new adult education applicant. His name is Abderaouf Bartleby. I wish you all good luck. See you later.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (Excited): What a coincidence! My name is
Abderaouf Bartleby. ‘Bartleby’ echoes at your school. I Am delighted to get acquainted to you Ms Hnia Bartleby.
Hnia Bartleby: (Stands up, extremely happy): very nice to meet you too, sir.
Abderaouf Bartleby: I need to enroll in constitutional law.
Hnia Bartleby: ok. Let me open the register and mark information about you. Your name is Abderaouf Bartleby.
Abderaouf Bartleby: yes…
Hnia Bartleby: Your full name is Abderraouf Bartleby. Where do you live?
Abderaouf Bartleby: Not with parents. I live alone.
Hnia Bartleby: (Looks happier): You are single, aren’t you?. That’s good. But where do you live exactly?
Abderaouf Bartleby: I live next to my neighbor.
Hnia Bartleby: where exactly? Where does your neighbor and you live?
Abderaouf Bartleby: I was lucky enough to be born at Casablanca-Settat-Region. My grand grand father was born at souss-Massa. As to my immediate grand father, he was born at Tanger-Tetouan-El Houceima prefecture. My father was born at Rabat-salé-Kenitra Region and my mother at Beni-mellal-khenifra region.
Hnia Bartleby: (Stares at Abderaouf Bartleby)
Now, you probably need to assess my background knowledge of the constitution. Ok. You should know lady that Morocco is divided into a set of territorial zones managed by a set of councils (majalis torabia ترابية مجالس . The smallest geographical zone in Morocco is known under municipality or commune or arrondissement (jamaa, الجماعة ). It is managed by a local council that is known under ( majliss al jamaa ) (municipality or commune or arrondissement (jamaa) council. مجلس الجماعة. The second geographical division is relevant firstly to Prefectures (al amalat العمالات ). Prefectures (al amalat العمالات ) are urban districts. The second geographical division is secondly relevant to provinces (al ikalim الاقاليم ) . Provinces (al ikalim الاقاليم ) rural areas. Both ). Prefectures (al amalat العمالات ) and provinces (al ikalim الاقاليم ) are managed by ( the prefecture and provinces council, majliss al Amalat and Akalim مجلس العما لات و الا قاليم ). The fourth geographical largest division in Morocco is known under the region (al jiha) ( الجهة). It is managed by the largest council known under the regional council (majlis jihawi)
Hnia Bartleby: This means that for each geographical division in Morocco there is a council that manages it.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Obviously. The members of each council need to be directly elected by local citizens living at each concerned geographical zone.
Hnia Bartleby: (stares at him in wonder): What about council presidents.
Abderaouf Bartleby: The president of each council is elected by an electoral college ( haia nakhiba ( ناخبة هياة ), made up of the members belonging to each concerned council.
Abderaouf Bartleby: let me tell you about the List of Prefectures and provinces ( Amalat and Akalim). العمالات و الاقاليم in Morocco:
Tanger –Tetouan-Al Hoceima region
Rabat-salé-Kenitra Region
Beni-mellal-khenifra region
Casablanca-Settat-Region
Marrakech-Safi-Region( jiha)
-prefecture de Marrakech
-Al Houz province (iklim)
-Chichaoua province (iklim)
-El Kelaa Es-Sraghna province (iklim)
-Essaouira province(iklim)
-Rehamna province(iklim)
-Safi-Province (iklim)
-Youssoufia Province (iklim)
Draa-Tafilalet Region (jiha)
-Errachidia Province (iklim)
-Midelt Province (iklim)
-Ouarzazat province (iklim)
-Tinghir province (iklim)
-Zagora province (iklim)
-Souss –Massa-Region
-Prefecture of Agadir ida ou Tanane
-Prefecture of Inezgane-Ait Melloul
-chtouka ait baha province
-taroudant province
-tata province
-Tiznit province
Abderaouf Bartleby: Do you get it now? I live at Rabat-salé-Kenitra-region, so does my neighbor.
Hnia Bartleby: I understand what you mean. Now sir, can you tell me about your occupation.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (keeps quiet)
Hnia Bartleby: Your occupation. please. Singer? Famous singer? A tour guide? A professor?
Abderaouf Bartleby: (in a dream like position, he mutters to himsel): Be Bartleby and keep quiet!!!!
Hnia Bartleby: I beg your pardon!
Abderaouf Bartleby: (does not respond): Your age, please.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (does not respond).
Hnia Bartleby: you must be thirty two years old. (She writes down 32 in the register).
Hnia Bartleby: Married? No. you are single, I know.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Yes. I am single.
Hnia Bartleby (looks very happy): Phone number?
Abderaouf Bartleby: take this paper. You will find everything about me (stands up and he leaves the school).
A romantic music is heard echoeing at the school now.
The curtain falls
Act 4 scene 1
Teacher Mr Hitcote: Hi ladies and gentlemen. Today, we’ll start our first course on constitutional law. I offer it to a limited number of adult students wishing either just to develop their professional skills at activities relevant to elections in Morocco, or else to even become politicians adhering to political parties and who are wishful to campaign for these political parties and to win seats either in parliament or in territorial councils. Therefore to all those among you who plan to see political office and believe they they would one day or another be called to run I wish good luck. Welcome to Adult education. I hope it will help you to achieve any one of your goals, knowing that some persons among you often partake in activities relevant to political life in our country Morocco, notably to Voting Day as well as to Campaigning. As you must all know, adult education gives the chance to adults to develop citizenship skills and to develop skills and it can contribute to sustainable development. Therefore, it is worth enrolling at it. Adult education relevant to constitutional law, and notably to Election has always proved to have an impact on social, economic, civic and community life. Therefore, to facilitate the learning and teaching, we shall try in course three to ally the subject of constitutional law to drama and theatre. We shall try to produce scripts following the model devised by Dorothy Heathcote and Gavin Bolton, two famous playwrights in the United Kingdom. In this, we shall place the focus on Mantle of the expert, as well as on teacher in role and out of role. We shall also follow the pattern used by British teachers, where three phases of drama will be taken into account: the first phase is known under the production phase. The second one is known under the warm up phase and the third one under the performance phase. Details would be given you as soon as we reach course three.
Let us now get through the 12 provinces that make Morocco. As a first step, I shall try to hit many birds with the same stone.To help you get familiar with these regions, let us ally them the roles that you will play when you learn how to produce educational drama and how to ally it to constitutional law. Today, instead of using your names, I shall assign you some drama roles that you can use later, that is, when you make a a drama project based on financial profit. Thus, I shall list a number of roles. Choose the role you like and then you introduce yourself to class by highlighting only the region of your birth and of the birth of your relatives if they belong to a region different from yours. Here is a tip for you to model it on your introduction:
My name is Mr Brain Hitcot. I am teacher in and out of role. I was born at Beni Mellal-Khenifra Region, Morocco. So, here is a list of roles you can choose from:
Teache Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the first student on the list be assigned the role of the stageManager of a drama script during the Performance Phase of Drama. One of the roles assigned to the stage manager is the choice of music to be played during and before and after the performance of drama. He/she accomplishes this task in accordance with suggestions made by the director of the orchestra. Alfred Hannequin (ibid, 2008: 4) defines the director of the orchestra, noting that he is in charge of the orchestra and he liaises with the stage manager about the music to be played during performance phase of a script.
Teache Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the second student on the list be assigned the role of the Road Manager. The road manager accompanies a group on the road to schools, universities and to colleges for the performance of the drama script. Alfred Hannequin (2008: 2) notes that ‘every company on the road is accompanied and is managed by a road manager.
Teache Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the third student on the list be assigned the role of a treasurer. The treasurer is expected to prepare entrance tickets and to liaise with the ticket taker for the imposition of a price to be paid by the audience. A treasurer is elected to be placed in charge of all the money received or spent during the performance of drama. Alfred Hannequin (ibid, 2008: 2) notes that the treasurer makes accounts to the manager of the amount received after each performance of a play.
Teache Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the fourth student on the list be assigned the role of a ticket Taker. A ticket taker could be assigned the task of providing the audience with tickets at the entrance of the auditorium and of handing the money over to the treasurer once the performance of the drama script is over. Alfred Hannequin’s (ibid, 2008: 4) defines the role of the ticket taker, noting that he or she attends to the taking of the tickets at the entrance of theatre. The ticket taker is expected to prepare entrance tickets and to liaise with the treasurer for the imposition of a price to be paid by the audience
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the fifth student on the list be assigned the role of the Backdoor Keeper. The backdoor keeper keeps the safety of all the entrances to the stage during the performance of the drama script.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the sixth student on the list be assigned the role of the Head Usher . The head usher and an assistant seat the audience.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: I suggest the seventh student on the list be assigned the role of the Head Usher-Assistant.
Teacher Mr Hicote: Go on now:. Choose your roles and introduce yourselves to us!
Student 1: I am the stageManager. My name is Malika Hamza. I was born at Casablanca-Settat Region, Morocco. My mother was born at Draa-Tafilalt and my father at Fes-Meknes
Student 2: I am the Road Manager. My name is Ahmed Akhras. I was born at Guelmim-Oued Noun. My father was born at Laayoune-Sakia El Hamra. My mother was born at Marrakech-Safi and my aunt at Oujda.
Student 3: I am the treasurer. I was born in Rabat-Salé-Kenitra region.
Student 4: I am the ticket Taker. I was born at Souss-Massa.
Student 5: the Head Usher. A was born at Tanger-Tetouan-El Houceima region.
Student 6: I amthe Backdoor Keeper. The backdoor keeper Abderaouf Bartleby: My name is Abderaouf Bartleby. My grand grand mother was born at Rabat-Salé-Kenitra. My grand grand father was was born at souss-Massa. As to my immediate grand father, he was born at Tanger-Tetouan-El Houceima prefecture. My father was born at Rabat-salé-Kenitra Region and my mother at Beni-mellal-khenifra region. I was lucky to be born at Casablanca-Settat-Region.
Student 7: I am the Head Usher-Assistant. I was born at Marrakech-Safi
Teache Mr Hitcote: nice to meet you all.
Adult education students (at once): Nice to meet you too, Professor Mr Hitcote.
Now, let us carry on making the most of the situation. For you to be able to launch your drama script as a financial project, I also suggest you think starting from now on about how your roles can be associated to real life-situations.
Professor Mr Hitcote: Remember this. The roles you will take up can be beneficial to you. These roles can help you as adult education students to enlarge your ego, to overcome feeling passive, depressed and taking refuge in a narrow and full –of- sorrow –world, and hence, to develop a sense of acceptance .
Teacher Mr Hitcote: we shall later this year assign further roles to you to play on the stage as adult education learners. Rober Landy (ibid, 19660: cited in Sue Jennings et al, 1994:170)relates that he did an extensive analysis of theatrical plays and that he counted up to twenty four roles in world Drama repeated over and over again. See. There are about 23 roles you can play on the stage.
Teacher Mr Hitcote: Such roles can be broadly divided into three types of Role: The first category of roles is mental, a psycho-dramatic role and a somatic role.
Teacher Mr Hitcote: As far as the mental quality of a role is concerned, you will be required to be transparent to the audience. You need to simulate the role played by a transparent person in real life situations. Sue Jennings et al. (1994:170)definethe mental quality of role as the extent to which an actor in Drama can reflect what lurks in his mind using verbal language. Rober Landy (19660: cited in Sue Jennings et al, 1994:170) states that the mental quality of role might give an indication to the audience about how and what the character being the subject of imitation thinks ( the actor can mimic someone causing trouble to him or to her).
Teacher Mr Hitcote: As to a Psycho-dramatic role, it is important to remember that because you might need to simulate real life situations, it would be vital for you to learn about how externalize your thoughts. Therefore, you need to learn about how to play a psycho dramatic role. These roles relate to fantasy and internal life. According to Moreno (1960: cited in Phil Jones, 1996: 196) a psycho dramatic role relates to fantasy and internal life.
Teacher Mr Hitcote: a further category of role you need to be familiar with to play a life-like situation on the stage is known under a Somatic Role. Moreno (1960: cited in Phil Jones, 1996: 196) writes that a somatic role relate to activities like sleeping and eating. Somatic roles also relate to family, economic and occupational spheres. Dorothy M Langley (2006: 24) gives examples of somatic roles based on real-life-situations. Roles carried out by parents, teachers, bus drivers and bosses at work are cases in point of such roles.
The curtain falls down.
Act 4 scene 2
The curtain rises
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: Students! Be prepared to answer my questions. It is 11 am now. I give you five minutes to recall last week’s lesson.
(Five minutes have elapsed).
Abderraouf Baleby: Yes sir.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: Here is my first question. Are Moroccans democratic?
Abderraouf Baleby: Yes sir.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: Very good. Justify your answer. I mean, give reasons to prove that Moroccans are democratic.
Abderaouf Baleby: Last week you said that they were. So, this is a proof that they are.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: No. would you give details Abderraouf Bartleby relevant to being democratic! We situated Moroccans in the context of elections to prove that decisions are taken democratically. Can you remind us of just one situation?
Abderaouf Baleby: (Looks blank): Wait! Wait ! Wait! I know who you are. Wait. Ask a very simple, straight and easy question! Yours is not a question. It is not a simple question.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: Ok. Sit down. I understand.
Abderaouf Baleby: Moroccans are the least racist persons. It is not a matter neither of the black or of the jewish or of the Berber or of the fassi or Arab caucus, Do you agree with that teacher?
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote (ironical): It is a very substantial answer. (looks at class): I want to hear a correct answer.
Student 1: No problem sir. Here is an overview of what we saw before. I understood that the public is enlightened through the television they watch. But they do not know if they are democratic or not. They themselves have no idea whether they are democratic. Someone has to report facts and to instantly keep track of every word and gesture they make to be able to conclude whether Moroccans are democratic.
Teacher Mr Brain Hicote: Ok. Here is the thing. Last week, class made a review of how election works in our country. It was a matter of the quorum (al ataba, in Arabic العتبة ).
), of speak the electoral role ( al kassim al intikhabi ( القاسم الانتخابي)) and of the golden rule (kaidat akbar bakia).
Abderaouf Baleby: waw! To cross a step (al ataba). That is going to be a good story. I know it is going to enlighten us all!
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: (Turns to class): Here is a recapitulation of what was covered last week in association with democracy in Morocco. The prevalence of a constitution has opened the possibility for Moroccans to become democratic. Provisions relevant to parliament have given the chance to citizens to make substantial improvement in so far as democratic values are concerned through representatives. Parliamentary members as well as representatives at the level of territorial councils (majaliss torabia – المجاالس الترابية are elected to represent citizens, hence, to give them the opportunity to impose an equitable style of living.
Students at once (Shouted). Long live our country !
Student 1: Let me explain this further. Democracy is put into effect through political parties. Thirty five political parties compete every five years to win seats to represent the people democratically. Therefore, the need for the implementation of democracy requires that party members become candidates for the people to elect them. Here is an example of how the process works. The last election took place in 2021. Very soon, that is in the year 2025, another election will take place. Party members will campaign to be chosen as representatives. Election will take place at the election office (maktab attaswit). Here, citizens will need to cast their votes through sect ballots from 8.am to 8 pm. Then, ballots will be counted and the party members that will get the highest number of valid votes will be chosen as representatives. His majesty the king appoints the head of the government, that is, the prime minister from among the members of the winning party.
Student 2: Al ataba is one of the democratic processes that paved the way for democracy.
Teacher Mr Hicote: Good. Now, Hayat, answer my question.
Hayat: Yes sir.
Teacher Mr Hicote: Can you further express the process of democracy implementation through the provision of an example?
Hayat: Here we are, sir: Everything was shown through election. Step number 1: Let us assume that 300 Moroccan citizens were registered on electoral lists. Some of them might not have come to vote for a particular reason. Therefore, they are not taken into account.
Thus, when election is over at the level of about 95 constituencies on the election day, , voting-ballots are counted and only valid ones are taken into account. Therefore, 300 000 names could be registered to partake in election on the election day. Only 120 000 could be found as real voters casting ballots. Following the examination of these ballots, just 90000 votes were found valid.
Step number 2: the following 6 candidate-parties are to be highlighted for an example of what could occur during election at a particular constituency ( daira intikhabia
ائرة انتخا بية د. They competed for 5 seats.
Let us assume at this level that:
Party 1 got 40000 votes.
Party 2 got 30000 votes.
Party 3 got 19000 votes.
Party 4 got 990 votes.
Party 5 got 99 votes.
Party 6 got 9 votes.
Step 3: this is where al ataba used to be vital. Now, it is replaced by speak the electoral vote, that is al kassim al intikhabi.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: very good. Now, Narjiss. Tell me more things about the quorum (at ataba)!
Narjiss: the quorum is known under (at ataba in Arabic language). It is what French people call ‘le seuil electorale’. It takes the form of a percentage. Before 2021, it was fixed to 3%. But then, a regulatory law raised it to 6% when the party for Justice and progress (حرب العدالة والتنمية ) was in power.
Teacher Mr Brain Hicote: Good. Now, explain to us Fahim the significance of the quorum (al ataba). Thanks to al ataba, speak the electoral role, that is al kassim al intikhabi ( القاسم الانتخابي) can be identified. Now, we need to make a distinction between al ataba, speak the electoral role, that is al kassim al intikhabi ( القاسم الانتخابي)
To find the quorum (al ataba), the following formula needs to be used: (3% multiplied by 90000). The percentage used here is determined democratically, that is, through members of the House of representatives. 90000 is the number of valid votes. this means that what is taken into account here is the number of real electors rather than just the number of citizens registering on the electoral lists. So, to find the quorum (al ataba), take 3 and get it divided by 100 and then multiply the result by the number of valid votes, which is 90000. (3% multiplied by 90000)=2700. 2700 is (al ataba, in Arabic العتبة ). Any party getting less than 2700 will be eliminated. Therefore, if you cast a look at the number of votes received by each political party at the level of the constituency in question, you would be left with just the following three political parties. The other three parties are wiped out because they have not reached 2700, which is, the quorum (al ataba, in Arabic العتبة ).
Party 1 got 40000 votes.
Party 2 got 30000 votes.
Party 3 got 19000 votes
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: excellent. Now, Mabchour. Can you remind class of how the seats are distributed over political parties .
Mabchour: Ok. here is a formula that is used for the distribution of seats over winning political parties: the total number of votes cast at the level of the constituency, divided by the total number of seats. In this case, we know that five seats need to be distributed and the number of electors amounts to 90000. Therefore, 90000%5=18000. 18000 is termed speak the electoral role (al kassim al intikhabi ( القاسم الانتخابي). It means that each seat equals 18000 votes.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: Good. Now, Najah. Can you remind class of how speak the electoral role is used with winning political parties?
Najah: All right sir. A formula is used here. Each number of votes received by each political party is subtracted from speak the electoral role (al kassim al intikhabi ( القاسم الانتخابي).
We saw that Party 1 at the constituency in question got 40000 votes. This number will continue being subtracted from speak the electoral role, that is 18000, till it is exhausted. A seat will be received by this party after each substraction. Thus, take 40000 and subtract it from 18000. It makes 22000. This party has now got one seat. Then, take 22000 and subtract it from 18000. It makes 4000. A second seat is won by this party. Because 4000 cannot be subtracted from 18000, the subtraction process stops here.
Party 2 got 30000 votes. 30000 minus 18000 makes 12000= 1 seat. The subtraction process for this party stops here.
Party 3 got 19000 votes. 19000 minus 18000 equals 1000=1 seat. The subtraction process for this party stops here
Thus, while party I has won two seats, party 2 and party 3 have won just one seat each. Three seats are distributed. Yet, candidates at the constituency in question were given five seats to share. This means that two seats are left. In this case, it would be vital for the three political parties to use the Golden rule, known in French language under ‘the golden rule’ and in French language ‘la methode du plus fort’.
Teacher Mr Brain Hicote: Very well. Now, I would like Naim to remind us of how the ‘the golden rule’ was applicable in this case.
Naim: well. As far as I remember, we saw that ‘the golden rule’ is known in French language under ‘la méthode du plus fort et en Arabe ( ا كبر بقية قاعدة ). Here is a recapitulation of what we saw together last week:
Party 1 : got 40000 votes. This number was eliminated from speak the electoral role, that is, from ( القاسم الانتخابي) which is 18000. This makes 22000, so, this indicates that this party got its first seat. Then, we took 22000 and we extracted it from 18000. The result was 4000. This gave the chance to this party to win a second seat. And we said that because 4000 cannot be subtracted from 18000, the subtraction process stops here and the golden rule must be used. We said that the golden rule is known in French language under ‘la méthode du plus fort et en Arabe ( ا كبر بقية قاعدة ). The golden rule requires that we classify the winning parties on merit and then we have to bestow the remaining seats upon each one of them. Therefore, party one will automatically be given an extra seat based on the application of the golden rule. So, this party won three seats in total.
Party 2 placed second on the list of merit. It got 30000 votes. 30000 minus 18000 makes 12000= 1 seat. The subtraction process for this party stops here and the golden rule is used. A second seat is given it. Note that this party got more voices than party 3. Therefore, it is privileged over party 3. This means that the golden rule is not used with party 3 even if it got equal seats with party 2.
Party 3 got 19000 votes. 19000 minus 18000 equals 1000=1 seat. The subtraction process for this party stops here. The golden rule is not used because there are no seats left for distribution.
Teacher Mr Brain Hicote: Excellent recapitulation. Now, it is 3.30pm. Class is over. Let us call it a day. I wish you all the best of luck. See you.
The curtain falls
Act 4 scene 3
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote: Hello ladies and gentlemen. Today’s lecture will be devoted to seminars. Your devotion to sessions was really upbeat from October 2021 up to now. You constituted a lively, hectic community of adults that had the fire to learn and to impact positively on the Moroccan human destiny. Now, let us listen watch the first presentation for today. Mr Abderraouf Baleby’s presentation will tackle an important subject dealing with how candidates wishful to become members of parliament and counselors at the level of territorial councils can better be apprehended by voter in our country, Morocco (Adult students enrolling in adult education for political thought clap their hands to display enthusiasm for listening to the subject matter of the first presentation)
Abderaouf Bartleby ( He wears now a tie and a modern blue costume): Good morning dear classmates. I am standing here today in high spirit to prove through this seminar that the education that I have received here at this school for adult education for political thought has been beneficial to me as an individual and as a professional. As we, adult students, will be taking seminar turns, I bet that each one of us will bear the germ of change and that we, as professionals, we will be called upon to give a hand to representatives in parliament and in local territorial councils to remake our world down here in North Africa, that is, in Morocco. Our mission will –after all the time we have spent together at this very same school-be of importance to those seeking fundamental change as the old order is bound to be shaken, and ideals and institutions to crumble. This is an era where it is bound on any academic institution regardless of where it is established and no matter what knowledge it is supposed to disseminate to be mobilized for the activation of the 2011 constitutional provisions. The 2011 Moroccan constitution has adopted an approach to our lives. It has targeted the quality of the mind and the quality of the heart. It needs educated people like we are now you and me at this very school and at this same classroom we have been sharing together from October 2021 up to now. Our constitution needs citizens’ daring. It needs citizen’s enthusiasm, energy and citizen willingness to question provisions, to discover their worth for the negative collective thought and all the associated dogmas to be rethought and reshaped. I bet that challenge experienced by voters on the Election Day was due to their unwillingness to get informed about the essence of the constitution. It is due to their indifference to political thought. Yet, the 2011 Moroccan constitution invites the Moroccan individual as a citizen to get invoved into the wheel of change regardless of gender, skin complexion, origin or birth certificate. It invites the individual no matter how incapacitated he may be either physically, emotionally or mentally to try to belong and to act for everyone called Moroccan to rise rather than to shrink. Being Moroccan is not just a matter of paying bills and of giving birth to children. Being Moroccan is being responsible. it means being burdened with the responsibility of voting-that is, of hiring the electoral to do its best to help us all overcome the challenges of the new age. No doubt that various challenges have been felt by many of us in personal terms. They impede our happiness and they make us feel as if we are ensnared in invisible chains of backwardness. So, We need more people to get involved in the process of elections, citizens who will cast ballots out of awareness and because they are knowledgeable enough about how to dig and build the path that would lead to development through the choice they make of candidates. We also mean the Moroccan citizen to be willing to tell the truth and to speak the truth to power. We need members adhering to political parties to be of integrity, to seek the job not only for material gains but also to solve problems and to improve our lives. That is the only way things will get much better than they are now.
I personally know what it is to be ignorant about the foundations of political life and yet to be relegated important tasks and responsibilities. During the course of my career, I worked with different persons placed in charge of the electoral office. A lot of them were very good people but they relegated serious responsibilities to me that I failed to cope up with due to my limited knowledge about the law regulating elections. At that time, I looked like a clown known under the wise idiot that turned voters into ridicule under the effect of embarrassment. Yes, I used to wear a red chachia, a gabador, that is, a short jacket without sleeves and large, short trousers strapped to my knees. I saw politics for more than 25 years and things got more complicated with time, especially under provisional reforms relevant to elections. As a door keeper of the election office, I experienced challenge with citizens. At that time, I was ignorant of rules regulating elections. I had no knowledge whatsoever about constitutional law. Henceforth, it was beyond my means to answer their so many varied and complicated questions about the quorum, about speak the electoral role, about the golden rule, about new provisions relevant to the election process as well as about anything else relevant to the election of representatives and counselors at the house of counselors and at territorial councils. The questions I failed to answer impacted on my psyche. The reason was that I was not as I should have been as a professional. These were things I was not proud of. My ignorance of provisions finding an echo in legal documents placed me in the nadir of desperation. Yes, all the challenges I lived as a doorkeeper failing to be of service to citizens on the Election Day motivated me to learn and to succeed. I am sure that everyone here at this classroom keeps at the back of his/her mind a story to tell about challenge with constitutional law. I can understand that It was a threat to your emotional integrity to feel you were incapacitated in the field of political life. However, we should not now let the past be overwhelming. We are all now thanks to this very academic institution full of hope to get the wheel of political change to function according to Expectation. Thus, the joy we feel now and all the rewards we will share and get in the years to come are the fruits of tears and sweat: tears resulting from public intimidation owing to our ignorance and sweat being the outcome of the efforts we have made to learn and to succeed through this same academic institution for adult education in political thought.
Now dear adult classmates! As professionals in the realm of politics, let me place the focus- in this seminar- on two major themes which I hope would be of benefit to you in professional life. As you know, anyone looking forward to being elected either as a representative in parliament or in territorial council needs to adhere to a political party of his or of her choice.
So, because we have been formed you and I at this very academic institution for adult education in political though to help political parties in particular and citizens in general to deal efficiently with elections, this seminar is for you. And because you believe you are formed in constitutional law to improve the lives of citizens in general, including those facing challenge with physical impairment, be it with sight or with mental or with speech and hearing impairment, I hope this seminar will be useful to you. Your mission is certainly to change minds, to change the way people behave and to consequently change the course of their human destiny, therefore, I am glad you have accepted to come to this classroom to sit and to listen to my presentation. I hope it will be of help to you to achieve your targeted goals and much more (The group of adult classmates turn into a lively gathering).
Therefore, the first theme of my presentation now is relevant to the Kind of Information voters will expect Candidates belonging to political parties to give them during the course of the campaign. The second theme is relevant to the various forms of media that a candidate can use during the course of the campaign. At this very moment, I am elated to explain how to prepare and organise a campaign for the election of political members aspiring for representation in parliament and in territorial councils. I shall do my uttermost to make my presentation simple, straightforward and easy to understand.
So, how would a political party candidate help voting citizens in Morocco decide about whether to cast a vote for a candidate wishing to win a seat either in parliament or at any one of the territorial councils? The answer is that the candidate will need to manifest concern for voters through the justifications he/she will give. The most outstanding justification to be given them is fixation of the rational for making an application to the job. I call it a job because the voter is like a director who needs to make his mind about whether to recruit the applicant, who is in this case the representative seeking a seat in parliament or in a council. As adult students we have seen through teacher Mr Brain Hitcote that the rationale needs to be clear, crisp and concise, summarized in less than 30 seconds. Taking the rationale very seriously will prove to candidates that you care for them. Remember what teacher Mr Brain Hitcote said once: ‘Voters won’t care about you until they first know that you care about them’. Here you need to come with a programme outlining what you would do for the people you want to represent? The candidate needs to motivate voters by proving to them that success is a regular process for people who have the chance to have everything to get started. Such people as you youselves know, have no excuse for failing to achieve their goal. Our world here in North Africa needs more private companies to be established. Are there business schools where students study? Yes. So, there is no excuse for students enrolling in business to establish their private industries. More than this, there is no excuse for a representative not to give assistance to those wishing to establish them, and this can be mostly done through the reduction, or even through the elimination of taxation. Likewise, do students study multimedia engineering? Likewise, there is no excuse neither for students nor for those who represent them to do their best to contribute to the green world revolution, and to the development of energy that could further empower Moroccan economy as well as protect the environment.
In addition to that, any voter might be in complete darkness as to whether they will be right casting his/her vote for the right candidate if the candidate has not unveiled aspects of his personality to the audience, that is to citizens needing to vote. As long as the individual’s inner emotional side is like a sponge that soaks emotions, his/her values are the outcome of exposure to particular situations. In other words, because the individual’s mind can assimilate lived experiences that shape personality, it would be vital for the voter to be informed of key events that occur in the candidate’s life. The candidate will need to tell voters about the experiences that might have shaped his/her view of the world. The candidate will also need to inform voters about who he/she is. This can help voters find out about the origins of the candidate. Was he/she born an alien to the Moroccan culture? Would, hence, the candidate be original in the decisions he takes as a counselor or as a member of parliament? Experiences lived by the candidate can shape his/her view of the world. For this reason, voters need to be informed about them. Remember? Teacher Mr Brain Hitcote said once that ‘if you don’t tell a story that flatters you, if you do not tell the good side of your story, voters will only know the bad things your component tells others about you’. Therefore, social media, radio, television as well as a good updated website, showing the candidate’s pictures and giving an occasion to a host of public supporters to read the candidate’s publications can be powerful tools for any candidate needing to share his or her inner views with the public and to gain further support.
(Adult students clap for long their hands to express gratitude to Abderaouf Bartleby)
Music is going on.
Act 4 scene 4
The curtain rises
Abderaouf Bartleby: Hi ladies and gentleman. I hope that the seminar I made yesterday was of help to you to get the gist of the democratic system in our country. I am here once more today to answer your questions.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: ( Joins Abderaouf Bartleby for a word to be addressed to adult education student): Good morning Mr l Abderaouf Bartleby. Good morning ladies and gentlemen. I am sorry to be obliged to interrupt you now. I have just a word to say about the rest of the seminar you started yesterday. I just need to limit the time we will all devote to the questions that might come to mind associated with Mr Abderaouf Bartleby’s Seminar. The questions we will pose need to be brief and the answers that Mr Abderaouf Bartleby will have the honor to answer need to be concise. As you know, the last part of Mr Abderaouf Bartleby’s seminar needs to cover one hour and a half that is normally devoted to this adult education session. I wish you all the best of luck with everything we will go through today. ( takes his seat at the back of class).
Abderaouf Bartleby: (opens his bag to secretly cast a look at his face in the mirror, then he mumbles to himself as he looks at his face in the mirror): I am weak. That’s what the president of the election office always told me. ‘Abderaouf Bartleby. You are weak. You are a coward’. Now, I need to remember that there is nothing to make me feel am a coward. I am a knowledgeable officer. I live in a democratic country where no one has to make you feel you are null and weak. Yes, no one has the right to discourage you and to ensnare you in those invisible inferiority complex chains.
Student 1: I would like you please to repeat what you said yesterday about the last elections taking place in Morocco.
Abderaouf Bartleby: By all means. I am one of the election attendants working at an election center established at the election constituency where I live. Therefore, I find no challenge now answering questions relevant to Election in Morocco. Your question is relevant to the 2021 elections. Well. I said during the first part of this seminar yesterday that for the first time in the history of Morocco, different elections took place at once. It was a matter of legislative and three territorial elections. As far as legislative elections were concerned, citizens had to choose members who would represent them at the house of representatives and at the house of councilors. As far as territorial councils are concerned, citizens had to elect members to represent them at commune and regional councils. This is to say that elections at the level of these two councils were direct. The election of prefecture and province councils were indirect, in the sense that all the council commune members had to present a list of their candidates and it was they, that is, community council members who elected prefecture and province members. Thus, on the 8th of September 2021, the election of representatives at the House of Representatives took place together with the election of councilors at the communal and regional councils as well as councilors at the level of prefectures and regional councils in the same year, that is, in 2021. Those representing salaried Moroccan citizens and those representing workers at public institutions, at administrations and at companies were elected as well as those representing vocational chambers and their categories. In addition to this, on the 5th of October 2021, councilors at the second House of parliament, that is, at the House of councilors were elected too. This category of councilors was the last one for which votes were cast.
Teache Mr Brain Hitcot: This means that the last elections taking place in Morocco date back to the 8th of September 2021.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (cast a look at the hidden mirror and he mumbles to himself): Be bold enough to ask Teache Mr Brain Hitcot to keep quiet. I have all the answers to any one of the questions asked me. So, please, keep quiet Teache Mr Brain Hitcot.
Student 2: My question is addressed to Mr Abderaouf Bartleby. As long as members at the two Houses of parliament were elected on the same year, does this mean that the term they are supposed to stay in office is the same? Usually, the term for the house of councilors is six years and the term for representatives is five years only. Would you please clarify this point more. When will the next elections at the level of the House of councilors take place?
Abderaouf Bartleby: to be frank with you, I do not know.
Student 3: Would you please inform us about regulatory laws relevant to the election of territorial councils.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Well. Regulatory law number 59.11 is relevant to the election of members at territorial councils. As I said yesterday, there are three types of territorial councils. Firstly, there are Regional councils. They are managed under regulatory law number 111.14. Secondly, there are prefecture and provincial councils. They are placed under regulatory law number 112.14. Thirdly, There are 1503 commune councils, 240 of which are established in urban areas and 1200 are established in rural ones. They are regulated under regulatory law number 113.14. In the past, commune councils were known under rural and urban councils. Today, the legislator has used the term commune councils to refer to them. Please, get well informed about these regulatory laws. They were enacted in 2015 and they were put into effect by commune councils in 2016.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: (Goes up next to Abderaouf Bartleby to further enlighten students about indirect voting relevant to the president of the commune council): you know, when direct voting is completed at the level of commune councils, cast votes are counted up, and winning candidates belonging to political parties win seats depending on how many votes they have received. Then, at a second phase, a new commune council is constituted. It is made up of those seat-winning-candidates. At this phase, these winning candidates have the right to present a demand to the local Mayor ‘amil’ for candidature to be indirectly elected as new commune presidents. This demand as well as the election of the new president of each new council needs to be presented to the local mayor within the 15 days of the disclosure of the ascension to power election-results. The local mayor will summon all the successful candidates to attend a meeting. They will already have received the list of the successful candidates who are wishful to be elected commune council presidents. The meeting will be monitored by the youngest and the eldest newly elected councilors through direct voting, on condition they should not themselves have presented a demand to be indirectly elected as commune-council-presidents.
Abderaouf Bartleby: perfect! The eldest councilor manages the indirect election session and the youngest one writes down the minutes. Then, the session opens. It is presided by the previous commune council president. After this, indirect public voting carried out by thye electoral college, that is, by all the councilors who were directly elected in phaze one by citizens.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: I need just to stress the fact that before 2015, the election of presidents at the level of territorial councils used to be secret. Now, because such election needs to be democratic and transparent, it is publicly carried out. Indirect public voting for the presidents of territorial councils will always help citizens to make sure that the candidate and voting councilors belong to the same political party which represents each one of the concerned commune zone.
Abderaouf Bartleby: that’s absolutely true. The objective is to reinforce transparency and democracy. As an official at the election office, I often listened to the news through which I learnt that some councilors were kidnapped for their voice not to be accounted for….You know, it’s a matter of some politicians who adopt some aberrant strategies to achieve dirty goals.
Student 4: I wonder if it would be possible for you to help me get the gist of the difference between proportional and majority vote. Yesterday, you said that both types of voting are applicable to the election of the president of a commune council.
Abderaouf Bartleby: A majority vote is different from a proportional one. A majority vote is used if the majority of members casting their votes for the election of the president of a commune council are present. In this case, the total number of those present councilors is divided by two. You add one to the result. Here is an example to illustrate this idea. If the majority of voting councilors is 30. You divide 30 by 2 and it makes 15. You add 1 to 15 and it makes 16. Therefore, a candidate getting 16 votes is said to get a majority vote. As far as proportional vote is concerned, you take into account during the voting process just the number of councilors present and you divide this number by 2 and you add 1 to the result.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: Here is a concrete illustration of what makes the difference between majority and proportional voting. Let us assume that the majority of newly elected councilors at a particular commune council need to cast votes for the election of their president. Their total number is 60. More than half of these councilors are present at this session. In this case, a majority vote is accountable. 60 divided by two equals 30. Then 1 is added to 30 makes 31. when a candidate at this session gets the highest number after 31, he is elected the president of that council. He is said to have received a majority vote. However, it might be possible for candidates postulating for council presidency not to win a majority vote. In this case, a second session is held, the focus is placed here on just the number of votes received by the first and second candidates. Again, reliance on a majority vote is accounted for. If none of these two postulating candidates has got the already fixed majority vote, -31 in this case-, a third session is held. In this third session, proportional voting is used. The election of the commune council president is elected on the basis of the number of present voters only, that is, on the basis of proportional voting. If none has got this proportional vote, the youngest councilor is chosen to fill in the vacant post. The objective is to encourage young citizen to partake in political life. If there are two postulating candidates of equal age, election by lot is used.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Then, it is this newly elected council –president who will now start to manage the commune council. it is therefore incumbent on him to play a key role in the election of the commune council vice president. Firstly, he will have to submit the list of councilors who wish to become fill in the vacant post of a commune council vice president. They are classified in their order of importance, that is, in the order of received votes. should the president of the council have formed a coalition with 3 or 4 political parties, he will have to split the work/portfolios over councilors belonging to these 3 or 4 political parties. He would for example say, I shall be the president of the council. Council 2 belongs to political party so and so. He will be the first vice president of the commune council. The third council belongs to another political party. He will be the second vice president of the commune council …..
Student 5: Based on what you said yesterday, the system of representation at the level of commune council is not democratic because some councils dispose of more members than others.
Abderaouf Bartleby: This is a pertinent question. Obviously, the 2011 Moroccan constitution targets the institutionalization of democracy. In light of this concept, statistics were made to identify population density in each Moroccan commune council. the objective was to be impartial, in that, commune councils established in local areas where there is high population density are granted more seats than those established in areas where there is low demographical density.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: (Joins Abderaouf Bartleby): A Moroccan geographical zone of 7500 citizens is granted 11 seats at its commune council.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (Loses his temper. He gets closer to Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot’s face and he claps his hands as if to tell him to shut up. He fumbles in his papers): Look at these papers Mr Brain Hitcot. All this is marked here.
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: ok, ok. I take my seat back. I am sorry.
Abderaouf Bartleby: It would be possible for a commune council to dispose of 61 seats if the population density of the geographical zone where it is established exceeds 400.000 citizens. This is to say that the number of councilors at the level of councils is comprised between 11 members found at the smallest commune councils and 131 members found at the largest commune councils.
Student 6: You made a reference yesterday during the first part of your seminar to direct, indirect voting as well as to proportional and majority vote. I wish i would hear you be more explicit about these terms.
Abderaouf Bartleby: Direct voting refers to votes being cast directly by citizens. Moroccan citizens have for instance cast their votes for members wishing to become councilors at either the commune or the regional council. This is direct voting. Following direct voting at each one of the commune council, the president of each council needs to be elected not by Moroccan Citizens by by this new electoral college. Therefore, election done by the electoral college is called indirect election and election done by citizens is called direct election. According to Moroccan constitution, presidents of councils are elected through indirect voting. It is the same for prefecture and province councils as well as for councilors at the second House of parliament, that is, at the house of councilors. Contrary to that, commune and regional councilors are elected through direct voting. It is the same for representatives at the House of Representatives.
Student 7: I wonder if it would be possible for you to explain the difference between the House of representatives and the House of councilors.
Abderaouf Bartleby: (casts a look at his watch): I am sorry. Time is over now. I hope we will have the occasion to discuss the difference between the two Houses of parliament another day.
(adult education students stood up to applaud and to congratulate Abderaouf Bartleby for his manifested knowledge of the rules regulating elections in Morocco).
Teacher Mr Brain Hitcot: (gazes at Abderaouf Bartleby with a gib smile): Am really proud of you, Abderaouf Bartleby. You have really made big strides in the field sphere through adult education.
Abderaouf Bartleby ( Gazes at the teacher’s neck and he steps forwards towards the teacher Mr Brain Hitcot): Here we are!! A big mosquito is landing at your neck and it is sucking your blood. Let me give it a strike now…..(Abderaouf Bartleby strikes the mosquito off ….)
The curtain falls.
The curtain falls.
End
foukara 
